Christopher Carter
School of Computer Science and Mathematics
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Email: C.J.Carter@ljmu.ac.uk
Telephone: 0151 231 2106
Dr Chris Carter was appointed as Senior Lecturer, joining the Digital Creative Technologies group within the Department of Computer Science, in 2010.
Chris is a specialist in computer games development with an interest in all related fields to the art and science of building games, such as analytical geometry, linear algebra, classical artificial intelligence, multi agent systems, parallel computation, rigid body dynamics, game engine architectures, object-oriented programming.
From developing several game and rendering engines using C++, C#, Java in tandem with DirectX, OpenGL and their shader frameworks, Chris has created hundreds of thousands of code for real-time interactive graphical applications, across all areas of games development and has experience and knowledge of a broad range of technologies within this area, such as DirectX 11/12, OpenGL 3.2+, OpenGL ES, SFML, Hieroglyph 3 Rendering Engine, JMonkeyEngine, LWJGL, LibGDX, Bullet Physics, PhysX, Havok, RakNet, XNA 4.0, MonoGame, cocos2D-X, G3D, SharpDX, PlayStation Mobile for PS Vita, PS3 - LibGCM, Sony Phyre Engine, Unreal Engine 4.0, CryEngine 3, OGRE Engine, to name a few. Current areas of investigation within this field include Data-Oriented Programming and Data-Driven Sofware Development for Games.
With experience across a diverse range of platforms including PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, another important focus in on low-level, Close To Metal (CTM) programming in multi-architecture environments, multi-core processing and processor taxonomies/architectures (SIMD/MIMD/RISC/CISC) and GPU Programming (HLSL/Cg/Cuda/DirectCompute) across these platforms in order to produce efficient solutions for game consoles.
As a software engineer and architect in industry, before returning to academia in 2007, Chris also has a very keen interest in software architecture, design patterns and enterprise application principles and applying them to a gaming context.
Chris completed his PhD in 2012, with a title of "An Extensible Test bed Architecture and Topological Analysis for the Scalability of Hybrid-P2P Massive Multiplayer Online Games". This work involved the development of a MMO game engine which supports both Client-Server (CS)and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network topologies. The key results of this work where the creation of a heuristic-driven topology management system, applying key structures from graph theory such as Hyper cubes, Trees and merging them with existing network topologies such as Hub-Spoke and Fully Connected Mesh to form a large scale network of networks, in order to build a Hybrid C/S - P2P overlay network to support MMO execution. Two other key themes were the construction of a dynamic role system to modify the topology based on current load and an Area of Interest Management schema using a recursive algorithm to construct interest sets in a manner where the processing is tied to scene-graph organisation, in order to compute the vertex-edge relationships of the network in real-time, based on the current state of the virtual world.
As a SIGGRAPH member, Chris also has research interests in real-time rendering, physically based shading and BRDF/BSDF lighting and shading techniques, global illumination, real-time rendering architectures (e.g. Lighting Pre-Pass and Deferred Rendering) and their application to emerging fields such as Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Chris has taught on the following modules with our department:
4001COMP: Introduction to Computer Programming in C++ (2011-Present)
4004COMP: Computing and Society (2012-13)
4013COMP: Mathematics and 2D Computer Graphics (2013-Present)
5002MATH: Mathematics and 3D Computer Graphics (2014-15)
5058COMP: Asset Management Technologies (2012-14)
6041COMP: Advanced Computer Games Development (2011-Present)
6049COMP: Creative Visualisation (2011-15)
6054COMP: Game Console Technologies and Programming (2011-Present)
Languages
English
Degrees
2011, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom, Ph.D
2009, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom, MSc Computer Games Technology - Distinction
2005, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom, BSc (Hons) Computer Science - 1st Class
Academic appointments
Senior Lecturer, School of computing and mathematical sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, 2010 - present
Researcher, Liverpool John Moores University, 2008 - 2010
Conference publication
Henry JM, Tang SOT, Hanneghan M, Carter C. 2017. A Measure of Student Engagement for Serious Games and IoT Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) series., Edutainment 2017 :262-270 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Tully D, El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Sudirman S. 2016. Generating a Novel Scene-Graph for a Modern GIS Rendering Framework IEEE DESE 2016 - Developments in eSystems Engineering DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Folksman D, Fergus P, Al-Jumeily D, Carter C. 2014. A Mobile Multimedia Application Inspired by a Spaced Repetition Algorithm for Assistance with Speech and Language Therapy Hussain A, AlJumeily D, Radi N, Tawk H, Radvan R. 2013 SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENTS IN ESYSTEMS ENGINEERING (DESE), Sixth International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE) :367-375 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Carter CJ, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M. 2013. A novel scalable hybrid architecture for MMOG ELECTRONIC PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA AND EXPO WORKSHOPS (ICMEW), 2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops (ICMEW) :1-6 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Tang S, Hanneghan M, Carter C. 2012. A Platform Independent Model for Model Driven Serious Games Development 6th European Conference on Games Based Learning (ECGBL 2012) :495-504 Author Url Publisher Url
El Rhalibi A, Duarte RLP, Carter C, Cooper S, Merabti M. 2012. Evaluation of a Quadric-Based Surface Adaptive LOD for MPEG-4 FA 2012 IEEE CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE (CCNC), IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC) :497-501 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Duarte RLP, El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Cooper S, Merabti M. 2012. An MPEG-4 Quadric-based LoD Simplification for Facial Animation Essaaidi M, Zaz Y. 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING AND SYSTEMS (ICMCS), International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems (ICMCS) :743-748 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Carter C, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M. 2012. A Survey of AoIM, Distribution and Communication in Peer-to-Peer Online Games 2012 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS (ICCCN), 21st International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN) DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Rhalibi AE, Cooper S, Carter C, Merabti M, Wetherall J. 2011. Web-based hardware accelerated procedural content generation 2011 IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC'2011, :368-372 DOI Publisher Url
El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Cooper S, Merabti M. 2011. Highly Realistic MPEG-4 Compliant Facial Animation with Charisma 2011 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS (ICCCN), 20th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN) DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Carter C, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M. 2010. Development and deployment of cross-platform 3D web-based games Proceedings - 3rd International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering, DeSE 2010, :149-154 DOI Publisher Url
Carter C, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M, Bendiab AT. 2010. HYBRID CLIENT-SERVER, PEER-TO-PEER FRAMEWORK FOR MMOG 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA AND EXPO (ICME 2010), International Conference on Multimedia and Expo :1558-1563 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Carter C, Cooper S, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M. 2010. The Application of MPEG-4 Compliant Animation to a Modern Games Engine and Animation Framework Boulic R, Chrysanthou Y, Komura T. MOTION IN GAMES, 3rd International Conference on Motion in Games 6459 :326-338 DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Carter C, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M, Price M. 2009. Homura and net-homura: The creation and web-based deployment of cross-platform 3D games 2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops, DOI Publisher Url
Rhalibi AE, Merabti M, Carter C, Dennett C, Cooper S, Sabri MA, Fergus P. 2009. 3D java web-based games development and deployment International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems -Proceedings, :553-559 DOI Publisher Url
Carter C, El Rhalibi A, Merabti M, Price M. 2009. Networking Middleware and Online-Deployment Mechanisms for Java-Based Games Pan Z, Cheok AD, Muller W, ElRhalibi A. Lecture Notes in Computer Science:Transaction on Edutainment II, 6th International Conference in Game Design and Technology 5660 :19-32 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
El Rhalibi A, Merabti M, Carter C, Dennett C, Cooper S, Sabri MA, Fergus P. 2009. 3D Java Web-Based Games Development and Deployment 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING AND SYSTEMS (ICMCS 2009), International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems :552-558 Author Url
Duarte R, El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Merabti M. Survey and Evaluation of MPEG-4 Based 3D Character Animation Frameworks IEEE 5th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-GAMES), 2013 :1-8 DOI Publisher Url
Newcombe LS, Yang P, Carter CJ, Hanneghan MB. Internet of Things Enabled Technologies for Behaviour Analytics in Elderly Person Care: A Survey Proceedings of IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) (iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData 2017), IEEE Smart Data (SmartData) (iThings-GreenCom-CPSCom-SmartData 2017) DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Henry JM, Tang SOT, Hanneghan M, Carter CJ. A Framework for the Integration of Serious Games and the Internet of Things (IoT) 6th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health, IEEE SeGAH 2018 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Newcombe LS, Yang P, Carter C, Hanneghan M, Qi J. Experimental Analysis of Cost-Effective Mobile Sensing Technologies for Activity Analytics in Elderly Care IEEE Conference Proceedings, The 16th International Conference on Smart City DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Journal article
Melthis J, Tang SOT, Yang P, Hanneghan M, Carter C. 2016. Topologies for combining the Internet of Things and Serious Games Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, 31 :2685-2696 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Tully D, El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Sudirman S. 2015. Hybrid 3D Rendering of Large Map Data for Crisis Management Aubrecht C. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4 :1033-1054 DOI Author Url Publisher Url Public Url
Tang SOT, Hanneghan M, Carter C. 2013. A Platform Independent Game Technology Model for Model Driven Serious Games Development Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 11 :61-79 Publisher Url Public Url
Duarte RLP, El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Merabti M. 2013. Survey and Evaluation of MPEG-4 Based 3D Character Animation Frameworks 2013 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GAMES AND VIRTUAL WORLDS FOR SERIOUS APPLICATIONS (VS-GAMES), DOI Author Url Publisher Url
Fergus P, El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Cooper S. 2012. Towards an avatar mentor framework to support physical and psychosocial treatments Health and Technology, 2 :17-31 DOI Publisher Url
El Rhalibi A, Carter C, Cooper S, Merabti M, Price M. 2010. Charisma: High-performance web-based MPEG-compliant animation framework Cheok A, Lee N. ACM Computers in Entertainment, 8 :N/A-N/A DOI Publisher Url
Chapters
Tully D, El Rhalibi A, Zhigeng P, Carter CHRISTOPHER, Sudirman S. 2015. Automated Procedural Generation of Urban Environments Using Open Data for City Visualisation Image and Graphics :545-551 Springer 978-3-319-21969-1 DOI Publisher Url
Tully D, El Rhalibi A, Zhigeng P, Carter CHRISTOPHER, Sudirman SUD. 2015. Mesh Extraction from a Regular Grid Structure Using Adjacency Matrix Image and Graphics :562-572 Springer 978-3-319-21969-1 DOI Publisher Url
Membership of professional bodies:
ACM SIGGRAPH Member, ACM SIGGRAPH. 2012
Member, IEEE. 2010
Member, British Computer Society. 2005
Award:
Rising Star University Teaching and Learning Award, Liverpool. 2004